US History

CHAPTER 5 TIMELINE “Pre-Revolution” Worksheet

Place the following events on a timeline in the order in which they occurred.  Make sure to place the year of each event.

Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts)

Sugar Act

Treaty of Paris

Townshend Acts

Boston Massacre

Boston Tea Party

Stamp Act

Townshend Acts repealed

Stamp Act repealed

EVENTS LEADING TO THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR

Proclamation of 1763 – Forbade colonists to settle west of Appalachian Mtns.
Reason – Easier to keep control of colonists, reduce tensions between whites and Indians, and maintain good supply of furs.  British troops permanently stationed in America to maintain order.
Colonists were not happy!

I.  Grenville Acts – George Grenville is placed in charge of enforcing existing policies and help Britain get out of debt from French & Indian War.
A.  Sugar Act  1764 -> tax on sugar, wine, coffee and lowered tax on molasses.
B.  Stamp Act  1765 -> tax on newspapers, pamphlets, contracts, wills, cards, dice, and most printed material
C.  Quartering Act -> Colonists must provide housing & supplies to British Soldiers.
II.  Colonists very upset
A.    Direct Representation -> colonists felt that direct representation was needed in Parliament.
B.    Patrick Henry -> “No Taxation without Representation”
C.    Sons of Liberty (Boston) -> Samuel Adams starts group to protest British policies (Stamp Act).
D.    Stamp Act Congress -> Colonists organized a boycott on British goods and called for British government to repeal Stamp Act.
E.    March 1766 Parliament repeals Stamp Act -> British merchants upset because of boycott.
F.    Parliament passes Declaratory Act –> said British had right to “tax & pass laws for colonists in all cases”.

III.    Townshend Acts 1767 -> placed tax on imported goods such as lead, paper, paint, glass & tea.
A.    Writs of Assistance (search warrants) for suspected smuggled goods.
B.    Boycotts begin again – Daughters of Liberty protest British policies and help produce American made goods.

IV.    Trouble in Boston – British send troops to maintain order in Boston.
A.    Boston Massacre -> March 5, 1770 a crowd gathers in Boston to protest the British.  Colonists taunt & threaten British soldiers.  Nervous & confused, British soldiers fire into crowd killing 5 Americans.  Trial finds 2 guilty & the rest were fighting in self-defense.
B.    Paul Revere & Sam Adams use “Propaganda” (information designed to influence opinion) to spread negative information about the British.
C.    Parliament repeals Townshend Acts, except tax on tea.

V.  Tea Crisis
A.  Tea Act of 1773 –> To help the British East India Company from bankruptcy, Parliament allows them to ship tea to America without being taxed.
B.  Tea shipped to Philadelphia & New York is sent back.
C.  Governor of Boston orders tea unloaded.
D.  Dec. 16, 1773 Sons of Liberty dressed as Indians dump cargo of 3 ships into Boston harbor (Boston Tea Party).

VI.  Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts) 1774 ->  King & Parliament vow to punish Boston
1.    Port of Boston closed until tea is paid for.
2.    Banned town meetings
3.    British officials to be tried in other courts.
4.    British troops to be quartered in private homes.

VII.    Quebec Act -> allowed French Canadians to retain laws, language, & religion.  Land west of Appalachian Mtns. & north of Ohio River belonged to Quebec, not colonists.
VIII.    Continental Congress 1774 -> To maintain peace colonists sent letter of grievances to King & asked Parliament to repeal certain laws.
A.    Boycotts on ALL British goods.
B.    Each colony sets up  militia.

IX.    Colonists begin collecting and storing guns and ammunition at Concord.
A.    British go to seize the weapons at Concord
B.    Paul Revere & William Dawes warn the Patriots of British advances.  “The regulars are out”
C.    Lexington – Minutemen meet British (8 minutemen killed)
D.    Concord – British are turned back

X.  2nd Continental Congress May 1775 
A.   (John & Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry, Richard Henry Lee, George Washington, Ben Franklin, John Hancock, Thomas Jefferson)
B.  Congress began to govern the colonies, printed money, set up a post office, created the Continental Army & named Washington as commander.
C.  Olive Branch Petition sent to King George III as one last appeal for peace.  King George III turns it down and declares Americans to be rebels.

REVOLUTIONARY WAR BEGINS

THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.  That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, That whenever any form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or abolish it, and to institute a new Government, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.

FOUR MAIN PARTS OF THE
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
1.  Preamble – Introduction to why the Declaration was drawn up.
2.  Declaration of Natural Rights – Basic rights on which the nation is founded.
3.  List of Grievances – wrongs done by the King (and Britain)
4.  Resolution of Independence – Colonists have become “United States of America” and all ties with Britain are cut.  The U.S.A. is a free and independent nation.

FAMOUS PATRIOT QUOTES
Nathan Hale – captured after going behind British lines to gather information ” I only regret that I have but one life to lose for  my country” 
John Paul Jones – attacked English war ships carrying supplies to America, when his own ship catches fire and is asked to surrender replies “I have not yet begun to fight” 
Patrick Henry – urging Americans to declare Independence.  “Is life so dear or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery?    Forbid it, Almighty God!     I know not what course others may take, but as for me, give me liberty or give me death!”

CHAPTER 4 TEST REVIEW

Know the following:

1.    What were the Navigation Acts and why were they passed?
2.    What type of farming was practiced in New York?
3.    What was the most profitable cash crop in South Carolina and Georgia?
4.    Why did England want colonies in North America?
5.    What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1763?
6.    What was the Plan of Union, what was its purpose, who thought it up?
7.    Who fought in the “Seven Years War”?
8.    Which Native American recognized the British settlers were a threat to Native Americans’ way of life?
9.    What was the religious revival that swept through the 1730’s and 1740’s?
10.    What was the Middle Passage?
11.    Which British commander was sent to conquer the French in the Ohio Valley?
12.    What was the “Tidewater”, and the “Backcountry” in the Southern Colonies?
13.    What labor was used primarily in the South?
14.    Where was most of the shipping trade located in North America?
15.    What type of farming was practiced in New England?
16.    Which commander changed Britain’s fortune in the war with France?
17.    Where was the first college in the U.S.?
18.    What was the Iroquois Confederacy?
19.    What was the Glorious Revolution?
20.    Where did most of the German immigrants settle?
21.    What lands did Spain receive and why?
22.    What was the Enlightenment and who exemplified it?

Know the following people and what they did:
Jeffrey Amherst        Pontiac            Edward Braddock
William Pitt            Benjamin Franklin    William and Mary

Know the definitions to the following words:
Slave codes            cash crop        militia
Enlightenment            subsistence farming    Great Awakening
Mercantilism

Short Answer
1.    What land did France give up in North America?
2.    How did the Southern and Northern economies differ?
3.    Why did the French get along better with the Native Americans?
4.    Know the three types of Colonial Governments and who held the most power in each.
5.    What did the Proclamation of 1763 do and why did it upset so many colonists?